The Neolithic period is during the last period of the Stone Age. Homo Sapiens began to settle in communities, no longer Nomadic they built sturdier homes (made from mud bricks) to live in for longer periods of time. For protection these houses were built close together. There were no streets, in fact if you wanted to get from one side of the settlement to the other, you would walk across the roofs of the houses. Some of the oldest settlement remains can be seen at Skara Brae.

During this period humans began to farm their own food (Planting and harvesting crops). They also began to keep sheep and goats for their meat and milk. By the end of this period they also began to keep cows and pigs.

They began to use Pottery, to create bowls and jugs to store food and drink in. 

By the time of the Neolithic period, only Homo Sapiens survived. Other humans like Neanderthals had completely died out. (Become extinct) No one knows if this was a natural extinction or whether the Homo Sapiens killed them.

Mining started originally to gather flint but these mines eventually led to the discovery of metals and the end of the Stone Age.