INVENTIONS
In the 1500s, the musket was invented in Spain. It was the first rifle that soldiers could carry with them into battle. The musket could fire a metal ball that could seriously injure or kill someone. Before the musket was invented, soldiers had to fight with swords, cannons, clubs, and hand weapons. The first muskets were 40 pounds and 6 feet long. They were difficult to use and often were rested on forked stands to improve the accuracy of the shot.
In the 1200s, many inventions helped revolutionize water travel and make it more possible for long voyages of exploration. The sternpost rudder increased the control over the steering of the ship. A wooden cask for water called the tun helped need a fresh supply of water on board so they could now take longer voyages.
Before wallpaper, wealthy people adorned the walls of their castles with woven tapestries that helped to keep the cold castle walls warmer and they told stories stitched in elaborate detail. The lower classes couldn't afford tapestries, so they hung cheaper painted-cloth imitations on their walls. Englands first paper mill came into operation in 1496 and this lead to the production of wallpaper decorated with hand-painted designs, stencils, and wood-block prints.
The flush toilet, or the water closet, was created in 1589 by Sir John Harington. It worked with a valve that released the flow of water and was supposed to be flushed once or twice a day.
The oldest surviving clocks are from the 1300s. The Italian scientist, Galileo, discovered the pendulum in 1581. It enabled a bvetter regulator for constant movement of the hands or bell of a clock. In the 1500s, water clocks and hourglasses were widely used.
Books used to take months or years to hand print. These books were limited to only wealthy scholars and they were very expensive. In 868, the Chinease produced the first block-printed book and in 1041 they invented the first moveable type process. They made their type out of baked clay, but the clay could not withstand repaeted use. In the early 1500s, the Koreans developed a metal type that is still in use today. In Europe, Johan Gutenberg inevented the printing press using moveable type in the mid-1400s. Books could now be printed with less effort, greater speed, and information could be shared with more people. More people became interested in studying, learning, and attending schools once the materials became more available. This development was so efficient that there were no more significant changes until automation was introduced to the 19th century.
Paintings appeared with people wearing or holding eyeglasses in the 1300s. When the printing press was invented in the 1400s and more books became available, the demand for eyeglasses increased. In 1287, the first eyeglasses for far-sightedness were developed in Italy. Near-sightedness was able to be corrected later in the 1500s. Many different materials including wood, lead, copper, bone, leather, and even horn were used for trying to make the frames lighter. The first glasses were very heavy, crude, and made by hand.
Lenses were used in other areas after the development of eyeglasses. Hans Lippershey found that putting two lenses together magnified the images in 1608. A telescope was then created, but the image was poor so in 1668, Isaac Newton solved this problem by making a reflecting telescope. The astronomical telescope was created by Galileo in 1606 to look at the stars and planets. Many new stars and mountains on the moon were discovered. Anton van Leeuwenhoek used many tiny lenses in the mid-1600s to magnify up to 200 times. This was called the microscope.
The adding machine was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642 in France. It could perform additions and subtractions directly and multiplications and divisions by repititions. Otto von Guericke invented the air pump in 1654 in Germany. The air pump was a device that was used for pushing air. In 1634 in Italy, the Barometer was invented by Evangelista Totticelli. The barometer is an instrument used for measuring atmospheric pressure. In Italy, the thermometer was invented by Galileo in 1593. It is used for measuring temperature. The watch, or portable timepiece, was invented by Peter Heinlein in 1504 in Germany. The watch can tell time and it was worn around the wrist or attatched on a chain and carried in a pocket..
In the 1500s, the musket was invented in Spain. It was the first rifle that soldiers could carry with them into battle. The musket could fire a metal ball that could seriously injure or kill someone. Before the musket was invented, soldiers had to fight with swords, cannons, clubs, and hand weapons. The first muskets were 40 pounds and 6 feet long. They were difficult to use and often were rested on forked stands to improve the accuracy of the shot.
In the 1200s, many inventions helped revolutionize water travel and make it more possible for long voyages of exploration. The sternpost rudder increased the control over the steering of the ship. A wooden cask for water called the tun helped need a fresh supply of water on board so they could now take longer voyages.
Before wallpaper, wealthy people adorned the walls of their castles with woven tapestries that helped to keep the cold castle walls warmer and they told stories stitched in elaborate detail. The lower classes couldn't afford tapestries, so they hung cheaper painted-cloth imitations on their walls. Englands first paper mill came into operation in 1496 and this lead to the production of wallpaper decorated with hand-painted designs, stencils, and wood-block prints.
The flush toilet, or the water closet, was created in 1589 by Sir John Harington. It worked with a valve that released the flow of water and was supposed to be flushed once or twice a day.
The oldest surviving clocks are from the 1300s. The Italian scientist, Galileo, discovered the pendulum in 1581. It enabled a bvetter regulator for constant movement of the hands or bell of a clock. In the 1500s, water clocks and hourglasses were widely used.
Books used to take months or years to hand print. These books were limited to only wealthy scholars and they were very expensive. In 868, the Chinease produced the first block-printed book and in 1041 they invented the first moveable type process. They made their type out of baked clay, but the clay could not withstand repaeted use. In the early 1500s, the Koreans developed a metal type that is still in use today. In Europe, Johan Gutenberg inevented the printing press using moveable type in the mid-1400s. Books could now be printed with less effort, greater speed, and information could be shared with more people. More people became interested in studying, learning, and attending schools once the materials became more available. This development was so efficient that there were no more significant changes until automation was introduced to the 19th century.
Paintings appeared with people wearing or holding eyeglasses in the 1300s. When the printing press was invented in the 1400s and more books became available, the demand for eyeglasses increased. In 1287, the first eyeglasses for far-sightedness were developed in Italy. Near-sightedness was able to be corrected later in the 1500s. Many different materials including wood, lead, copper, bone, leather, and even horn were used for trying to make the frames lighter. The first glasses were very heavy, crude, and made by hand.
Lenses were used in other areas after the development of eyeglasses. Hans Lippershey found that putting two lenses together magnified the images in 1608. A telescope was then created, but the image was poor so in 1668, Isaac Newton solved this problem by making a reflecting telescope. The astronomical telescope was created by Galileo in 1606 to look at the stars and planets. Many new stars and mountains on the moon were discovered. Anton van Leeuwenhoek used many tiny lenses in the mid-1600s to magnify up to 200 times. This was called the microscope.
The adding machine was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642 in France. It could perform additions and subtractions directly and multiplications and divisions by repititions. Otto von Guericke invented the air pump in 1654 in Germany. The air pump was a device that was used for pushing air. In 1634 in Italy, the Barometer was invented by Evangelista Totticelli. The barometer is an instrument used for measuring atmospheric pressure. In Italy, the thermometer was invented by Galileo in 1593. It is used for measuring temperature. The watch, or portable timepiece, was invented by Peter Heinlein in 1504 in Germany. The watch can tell time and it was worn around the wrist or attatched on a chain and carried in a pocket..